包管理器
**********************************

* pip: https://gitee.com/luzhenxiong/bilibili-package/tree/master/pip
* uv: https://docs.astral.sh/uv/
* npm: https://docs.npmjs.com/
* golang: https://go.dev/doc/modules/managing-dependencies

.. hint::

    uv跟npm的特性非常相似

源管理
===================================

设置国内镜像源
----------------------------------

.. tabs::

    .. group-tab:: Python

        .. tabs::

            .. tab:: pip

                .. code-block:: console

                    $ pip3 config set global.index-url https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
                    $ pip3 config set install.trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com

                配置文件位置: ``~/.config/pip/pip.conf``

            .. tab:: uv

                配置用户级别的配置文件 ``~/.config/uv/uv.toml`` 或者系统级别的配置文件 ``/etc/uv/uv.toml``

                .. code-block:: toml

                    [[index]]
                    url = "http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/"
                    default = true

                .. seealso::

                    配置文件: https://docs.astral.sh/uv/configuration/files/#configuration-files

    .. group-tab:: Golang

        .. code-block:: console

            $ go env -w GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct
            $ ; 或者
            $ go env -w GOPROXY=https://goproxy.io,direct

    .. group-tab:: Npm

        .. code-block:: console

            $ npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com

获取源信息
-----------------------------

.. tabs::

    .. tab:: Pip

        .. code-block:: console

            $ pip3 config get install.trusted-host
            mirrors.aliyun.com

    .. tab:: Golang

        .. code-block:: console

            $ go env GOPROXY
            https://goproxy.cn,direct

    .. tab:: Npm

        .. code-block:: console

            $ npm config get registry

项目初始化
==========================================

.. tabs::

    .. group-tab:: Python

        https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/projects/#creating-a-new-project

        .. code-block:: console

            ; 在项目根目录执行
            $ uv init

    .. group-tab:: Golang

        https://go.dev/ref/mod#go-mod-init

        .. code-block:: console

            $ go mod init example.com/m

    .. group-tab:: Npm

        https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/v11/commands/npm-init

        .. code-block:: console

            $ npm init

管理依赖包
===================================

* uv: https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/projects/#managing-dependencies

安装模块
-------------------------------------------

.. tabs::

    .. group-tab:: Python

        .. tabs::

            .. tab:: pip

                .. code-block:: console

                    $ pip install requests==2.31.0

                    $ # 安装requirements.txt指定的包
                    $ pip install -r requirements.txt

                    $ 安装whl文件
                    $ pip install somewhat.whl

            .. tab:: uv

                .. code-block:: console

                    $ uv add requests==2.31.0

                    $ uv add --dev testcontainers==4.8.2

                    $ # 安装pyproject.toml指定的包
                    $ uv sync

    .. group-tab:: Golang

        .. code-block:: console

            $ go get gorm.io/gorm@v1.25.12

    .. group-tab:: Npm

        https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/v11/commands/npm-install

        .. code-block:: console

            $ npm install sax
            $ # 开发环境依赖
            $ npm i -D less
            $ # 全局安装
            $ npm install -g nodemon
            $ # 安装指定版本的包
            $ npm i jquery@1.11.2

卸载模块
------------------------------------------------

.. tabs::

    .. group-tab:: Python

        .. code-block:: console

            $ pip uninstall requests

    .. group-tab:: Nodejs

        .. code-block:: console

            $ npm remove uniq
            $ # 全局删除
            $ npm r -g nodemon

查看模块
-------------------------------------------------

.. tabs::

    .. group-tab:: Python

        .. code-block:: console

            $ # 查看已按照的模块及版本
            $ pip freeze
            $ pip list
            $ # 查看可升级的模块
            $ pip list -o